I think the point they're trying to make is that you can't make any turn on a foot until you've taken a step and placed that foot down on the floor. That leads to two options -- step on the beat and turn after the beat or turn before the beat and step on the beat. You can't really step *and* turn on the beat, at the same time. The foot needs to be in place to turn on it. If you're turning off the standing leg, you'll turn before the beat in order to take the next step on the beat. I think the first step of an Opening Out for the lady is an example of this. If you want to turn on the moving leg, then you need to get it down on the floor (on the beat) before you can turn on it (after the beat). Most of the turns mentioned already are of this type, I think.

--
James Marshall
marshall@astro.umd.edu
http://www.astro.umd.edu/~marshall

spot turns or switches are done after weight is transfered to feet (full beat e.g. 2) and before or together with hip action (half beat e.g. and).

turns with a "delayed walk" (e.g. alemana) entry are done different. first set delayed walk ( "and" beat) and with transfer of weight (full beat) turn is done imediately.
this is done because of three reasons:
1) feet is in place before full beat because movement of leg is done synchron with movement of hip on "and" beat.
2) weight transfer happens on full beat , since leg is in place this works faster now and the turn action can be done very fast.
3) the next "and" beat can be used for smoother hip action before next step.

a correct alemana looks much more impressive than a spot turn because of the special timing and the possibility to turn faster but use more hip action, too.

there is a big difference in leading alemana vs. spot turn so its on the man to claim timing of turn. dont cofuse the girl... lead them clear than it should work