I have the same problem as Rice.
The same situation is our partner is not familiar with pattern, almost depends on our leading.
Sorry, I don't attempt to adivce Rice becuase I am as good as enought yet!!

As for Keh Gough mention on last posted article, using the base of palm.
I have several questions about that.
I've seen many teachersand skilled dancer(just social level).
They were not olny use palm base or fingers, but also chage it's position on the back of lady.
sometime just under shoulder blade near left side of lady, sometime uner shoulder blade but near spiral, sometime down near hip and spiral.(A nice people have just taught me how to use right hand several day ago!)

Especially, I also found that, they often let right palm to face ground( palm parallel gournd, the back of palm face sky) and just let right side of palm( all root and back of thumb) to keep contact with back of lady, when leading lady from outside partner position to PP (right hand just under shoulder blade near leftside of lady, it seems use back of palm to support lady to turn right into PP position), or leading lady from close position to contrat check, or some fiqures like that(right hand near spiral and hip). I don't know why? would someone will tell me why they do so ???

When they were taking the same foot lunge or Right Hinge, they often used their right upper arm to lift lady slight upper to extend body line. of course It is very beautiful, because you can see a smoothly line developing...
But would someone tell my why they do so, that is not mean use arm to leading?

Thanks in advance

Best regard

JOHN SHUE at Taiwan Island